11/7/2022 0 Comments Chinese cubemenThe style of MN can be designed depending on the applications. CHINESE CUBEMEN SKINSince the hydrogel MNs can release the skin ISF out again, it is advantageous to use when an additional reaction with other reagents or analysis by external instruments is needed 13, 14, 15, 16. On the other hand, when a rapid on-site diagnosis is needed, ISF extraction using metal MNs is advantageous. Typically, the metal MNs are incorporated with a piece of paper where biomarkers can be detected 3, 7, 17, 18, 19. Interstitial fluid skin#Īs the surface of metals such as steel and stainless steel is hydrophilic, once it penetrates the stratum corneum, it attracts skin ISF and allows it to wet across the surface of the metal MNs, transferring ISF to the papers. The biomarker from ISF delivered to the paper is immediately detected, reducing the possibility of damage and sample contamination and saving detection time 20. Moreover, most of the extracted ISF can be used for diagnosis, thereby improving detection sensitivity. Paper-based diagnostic platforms are simple, inexpensive, and can check most detection signals at a glance. Most of all, metal MNs including the paper reservoir, were reported to extract ISF at a rate of 2–4 μL per minute under in vivo conditions, which is faster than that of hydrogel MN 3, 13, 14, 15, 16.įor example, a lateral flow strip can detect a target such as food poisoning bacteria with the naked eye by coloring reaction without expensive detection equipment 19, 21, 22. It is essential to improve the diagnosis sensitivity by securing the stability of biomarkers and a sufficient quantity of samples to minimize diagnostic errors such as false positives and false negatives 23, 24. Therefore, MN devices for biomarker diagnosis should have the ability to obtain enough amount of ISF within a safe range with rapid extraction speed. Rapid ISF sampling increases sample integrity and patient compliance, and collecting a sufficient sample expands the range of applicable biomarkers.
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